Create PHP CRUD Rest API with Mysql

REST API CRUD using PHP: In this post we will explain that how to Add, List, Update, Delete and Find Relation with user database table using PHP CRUD Rest API. It can be used in stand alone mode. Just place the api.php file on your sever directory.

How to Create CRUP REST API in PHP:

Let we explain the procedure step by step:

Step 1: First create a table with the name of “users” in your database.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
`userId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`state` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL,
`postalCode` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`country` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`userId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=172 ;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (

`userId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`username` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

`email` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

`address` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

`city` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

`state` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL,

`postalCode` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,

`country` varchar(60) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`userId`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=172 ;

Step 2: Now upload the api.php file on your server or directory.

<?php


// Use this api.php file

//var_dump($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'],$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']); die();

interface DatabaseInterface {
	public function getSql($name);
	public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset);
	public function query($sql,$params);
	public function fetchAssoc($result);
	public function fetchRow($result);
	public function insertId($result);
	public function affectedRows($result);
	public function close($result);
	public function fetchFields($result);
	public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset);
	public function likeEscape($string);
	public function isBinaryType($field);
	public function base64Encode($string);
	public function getDefaultCharset();
}

class MySQL implements DatabaseInterface {

	protected $db;
	protected $queries;

	public function __construct() {
		$this->queries = array(
			'list_tables'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME","TABLE_COMMENT"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',
			'reflect_table'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND
					"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',
			'reflect_pk'=>'SELECT
					"COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."COLUMNS"
				WHERE
					"COLUMN_KEY" = \'PRI\' AND
					"TABLE_NAME" = ? AND
					"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',
			'reflect_belongs_to'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME","COLUMN_NAME",
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME","REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ? AND
					"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',
			'reflect_has_many'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME","COLUMN_NAME",
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME","REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ? AND
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND
					"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					"REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',
			'reflect_habtm'=>'SELECT
					k1."TABLE_NAME", k1."COLUMN_NAME",
					k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME", k1."REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME",
					k2."TABLE_NAME", k2."COLUMN_NAME",
					k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME", k2."REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" k1,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" k2
				WHERE
					k1."TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					k2."TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND
					k1."TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = k2."TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' AND
					k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND
					k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ?'
		);
	}

	public function getSql($name) {
		return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;
	}

	public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {
		$db = mysqli_connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket);
		if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
			throw new \Exception('Connect failed. '.mysqli_connect_error());
		}
		if (!mysqli_set_charset($db,$charset)) {
			throw new \Exception('Error setting charset. '.mysqli_error($db));
		}
		if (!mysqli_query($db,'SET SESSION sql_mode = \'ANSI_QUOTES\';')) {
			throw new \Exception('Error setting ANSI quotes. '.mysqli_error($db));
		}
		$this->db = $db;
	}

	public function query($sql,$params) {
		$db = $this->db;
		$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params) {
			$param = array_shift($params);
			if ($matches[0]=='!') return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);
			if (is_array($param)) return '('.implode(',',array_map(function($v) use (&$db) {
				return "'".mysqli_real_escape_string($db,$v)."'";
			},$param)).')';
			if (is_object($param) && $param->type=='base64') {
				return "x'".bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data))."'";
			}
			if ($param===null) return 'NULL';
			return "'".mysqli_real_escape_string($db,$param)."'";
		}, $sql);
		//if (!strpos($sql,'INFORMATION_SCHEMA')) echo "\n$sql\n";
		return mysqli_query($db,$sql);
	}

	public function fetchAssoc($result) {
		return mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);
	}

	public function fetchRow($result) {
		return mysqli_fetch_row($result);
	}

	public function insertId($result) {
		return mysqli_insert_id($this->db);
	}

	public function affectedRows($result) {
		return mysqli_affected_rows($this->db);
	}

	public function close($result) {
		return mysqli_free_result($result);
	}

	public function fetchFields($result) {
		return mysqli_fetch_fields($result);
	}

	public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {
		return "$sql LIMIT $limit OFFSET $offset";
	}

	public function likeEscape($string) {
		return addcslashes($string,'%_');
	}

	public function isBinaryType($field) {
		//echo "$field->name: $field->type ($field->flags)\n";
		return (($field->flags & 128) && ($field->type>=249) && ($field->type<=252));
	}

	public function base64Encode($string) {
		return base64_encode($string);
	}

	public function getDefaultCharset() {
		return 'utf8';
	}

}

class PostgreSQL implements DatabaseInterface {

	protected $db;
	protected $queries;

	public function __construct() {
		$this->queries = array(
			'list_tables'=>'select
					"table_name","table_comment"
				from
					"information_schema"."tables"
				where
					"table_catalog" = ?',
			'reflect_table'=>'select
					"table_name"
				from
					"information_schema"."tables"
				where
					"table_name" like ? and
					"table_catalog" = ?',
			'reflect_pk'=>'select
					"column_name"
				from
					"information_schema"."table_constraints" tc,
					"information_schema"."key_column_usage" ku
				where
					tc."constraint_type" = \'PRIMARY KEY\' and
					tc."constraint_name" = ku."constraint_name" and
					ku."table_name" = ? and
					ku."table_catalog" = ?',
			'reflect_belongs_to'=>'select
					cu1."table_name",cu1."column_name",
					cu2."table_name",cu2."column_name"
				from
					"information_schema".referential_constraints rc,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cu1,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cu2
				where
					cu1."constraint_name" = rc."constraint_name" and
					cu2."constraint_name" = rc."unique_constraint_name" and
					cu1."table_name" = ? and
					cu2."table_name" in ? and
					cu1."table_catalog" = ? and
					cu2."table_catalog" = ?',
			'reflect_has_many'=>'select
					cu1."table_name",cu1."column_name",
					cu2."table_name",cu2."column_name"
				from
					"information_schema".referential_constraints rc,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cu1,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cu2
				where
					cu1."constraint_name" = rc."constraint_name" and
					cu2."constraint_name" = rc."unique_constraint_name" and
					cu1."table_name" in ? and
					cu2."table_name" = ? and
					cu1."table_catalog" = ? and
					cu2."table_catalog" = ?',
			'reflect_habtm'=>'select
					cua1."table_name",cua1."column_name",
					cua2."table_name",cua2."column_name",
					cub1."table_name",cub1."column_name",
					cub2."table_name",cub2."column_name"
				from
					"information_schema".referential_constraints rca,
					"information_schema".referential_constraints rcb,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cua1,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cua2,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cub1,
					"information_schema".key_column_usage cub2
				where
					cua1."constraint_name" = rca."constraint_name" and
					cua2."constraint_name" = rca."unique_constraint_name" and
					cub1."constraint_name" = rcb."constraint_name" and
					cub2."constraint_name" = rcb."unique_constraint_name" and
					cua1."table_catalog" = ? and
					cub1."table_catalog" = ? and
					cua2."table_catalog" = ? and
					cub2."table_catalog" = ? and
					cua1."table_name" = cub1."table_name" and
					cua2."table_name" = ? and
					cub2."table_name" in ?'
		);
	}

	public function getSql($name) {
		return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;
	}

	public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {
		$e = function ($v) { return str_replace(array('\'','\\'),array('\\\'','\\\\'),$v); };
		$conn_string = '';
		if ($hostname || $socket) {
			if ($socket) $hostname = $e($socket);
			else $hostname = $e($hostname);
			$conn_string.= " host='$hostname'";
		}
		if ($port) {
			$port = ($port+0);
			$conn_string.= " port='$port'";
		}
		if ($database) {
			$database = $e($database);
			$conn_string.= " dbname='$database'";
		}
		if ($username) {
			$username = $e($username);
			$conn_string.= " user='$username'";
		}
		if ($password) {
			$password = $e($password);
			$conn_string.= " password='$password'";
		}
		if ($charset) {
			$charset = $e($charset);
			$conn_string.= " options='--client_encoding=$charset'";
		}
		$db = pg_connect($conn_string);
		$this->db = $db;
	}

	public function query($sql,$params) {
		$db = $this->db;
		$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params) {
			$param = array_shift($params);
			if ($matches[0]=='!') return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);
			if (is_array($param)) return '('.implode(',',array_map(function($v) use (&$db) {
				return "'".pg_escape_string($db,$v)."'";
			},$param)).')';
			if (is_object($param) && $param->type=='base64') {
				return "'\x".bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data))."'";
			}
			if ($param===null) return 'NULL';
			return "'".pg_escape_string($db,$param)."'";
		}, $sql);
		if (strtoupper(substr($sql,0,6))=='INSERT') {
			$sql .= ' RETURNING id;';
		}
		//echo "\n$sql\n";
		return @pg_query($db,$sql);
	}

	public function fetchAssoc($result) {
		return pg_fetch_assoc($result);
	}

	public function fetchRow($result) {
		return pg_fetch_row($result);
	}

	public function insertId($result) {
		list($id) = pg_fetch_row($result);
		return (int)$id;
	}

	public function affectedRows($result) {
		return pg_affected_rows($result);
	}

	public function close($result) {
		return pg_free_result($result);
	}

	public function fetchFields($result) {
		$keys = array();
		for($i=0;$i<pg_num_fields($result);$i++) {
			$field = array();
			$field['name'] = pg_field_name($result,$i);
			$field['type'] = pg_field_type($result,$i);
			$keys[$i] = (object)$field;
		}
		return $keys;
	}

	public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {
		return "$sql LIMIT $limit OFFSET $offset";
	}

	public function likeEscape($string) {
		return addcslashes($string,'%_');
	}

	public function isBinaryType($field) {
		return $field->type == 'bytea';
	}

	public function base64Encode($string) {
		return base64_encode(hex2bin(substr($string,2)));
	}

	public function getDefaultCharset() {
		return 'UTF8';
	}

}

class SQLServer implements DatabaseInterface {

	protected $db;
	protected $queries;

	public function __construct() {
		$this->queries = array(
			'list_tables'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME","TABLE_COMMENT"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',
			'reflect_table'=>'SELECT
					"TABLE_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"
				WHERE
					"TABLE_NAME" LIKE ? AND
					"TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',
			'reflect_pk'=>'SELECT
					"COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLE_CONSTRAINTS" tc,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" ku
				WHERE
					tc."CONSTRAINT_TYPE" = \'PRIMARY KEY\' AND
					tc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = ku."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					ku."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND
					ku."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',
			'reflect_belongs_to'=>'SELECT
					cu1."TABLE_NAME",cu1."COLUMN_NAME",
					cu2."TABLE_NAME",cu2."COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu1,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu2
				WHERE
					cu1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cu2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cu1."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND
					cu2."TABLE_NAME" IN ? AND
					cu1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cu2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',
			'reflect_has_many'=>'SELECT
					cu1."TABLE_NAME",cu1."COLUMN_NAME",
					cu2."TABLE_NAME",cu2."COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu1,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu2
				WHERE
					cu1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cu2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cu1."TABLE_NAME" IN ? AND
					cu2."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND
					cu1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cu2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',
			'reflect_habtm'=>'SELECT
					cua1."TABLE_NAME",cua1."COLUMN_NAME",
					cua2."TABLE_NAME",cua2."COLUMN_NAME",
					cub1."TABLE_NAME",cub1."COLUMN_NAME",
					cub2."TABLE_NAME",cub2."COLUMN_NAME"
				FROM
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rca,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rcb,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cua1,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cua2,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cub1,
					"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cub2
				WHERE
					cua1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rca."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cua2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rca."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cub1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rcb."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cub2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rcb."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND
					cua1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cub1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cua2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cub2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND
					cua1."TABLE_NAME" = cub1."TABLE_NAME" AND
					cua2."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND
					cub2."TABLE_NAME" IN ?'
		);
	}

	public function getSql($name) {
		return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;
	}

	public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {
		$connectionInfo = array();
		if ($port) $hostname.=','.$port;
		if ($username) $connectionInfo['UID']=$username;
		if ($password) $connectionInfo['PWD']=$password;
		if ($database) $connectionInfo['Database']=$database;
		if ($charset) $connectionInfo['CharacterSet']=$charset;
		$connectionInfo['QuotedId']=1;
		$connectionInfo['ReturnDatesAsStrings']=1;

		$db = sqlsrv_connect($hostname, $connectionInfo);
		if (!$db) {
			throw new \Exception('Connect failed. '.print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));
		}
		if ($socket) {
			throw new \Exception('Socket connection is not supported.');
		}
		$this->db = $db;
	}

	public function query($sql,$params) {
		$args = array();
		$db = $this->db;
		$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params,&$args) {
			static $i=-1;
			$i++;
			$param = $params[$i];
			if ($matches[0]=='!') {
				return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);
			}
			// This is workaround because SQLSRV cannot accept NULL in a param
			if ($matches[0]=='?' && is_null($param)) {
				return 'NULL';
			}
			if (is_array($param)) {
				$args = array_merge($args,$param);
				return '('.implode(',',str_split(str_repeat('?',count($param)))).')';
			}
			if (is_object($param)) {
				switch($param->type) {
					case 'base64':
						$args[] = bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data));
						return 'CONVERT(VARBINARY(MAX),?,2)';
				}
			}
			$args[] = $param;
			return '?';
		}, $sql);
		//var_dump($params);
		//echo "\n$sql\n";
		//var_dump($args);
		//file_put_contents('sql.txt',"\n$sql\n".var_export($args,true)."\n",FILE_APPEND);
		if (strtoupper(substr($sql,0,6))=='INSERT') {
			$sql .= ';SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY()';
		}
		return sqlsrv_query($db,$sql,$args)?:null;
	}

	public function fetchAssoc($result) {
		$values = sqlsrv_fetch_array($result, SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC);
		if ($values) $values = array_map(function($v){ return is_null($v)?null:(string)$v; },$values);
		return $values;
	}

	public function fetchRow($result) {
		$values = sqlsrv_fetch_array($result, SQLSRV_FETCH_NUMERIC);
		if ($values) $values = array_map(function($v){ return is_null($v)?null:(string)$v; },$values);
		return $values;
	}

	public function insertId($result) {
		sqlsrv_next_result($result);
		sqlsrv_fetch($result);
		return (int)sqlsrv_get_field($result, 0);
	}

	public function affectedRows($result) {
		return sqlsrv_rows_affected($result);
	}

	public function close($result) {
		return sqlsrv_free_stmt($result);
	}

	public function fetchFields($result) {
		//var_dump(sqlsrv_field_metadata($result));
		return array_map(function($a){
			$p = array();
			foreach ($a as $k=>$v) {
				$p[strtolower($k)] = $v;
			}
			return (object)$p;
		},sqlsrv_field_metadata($result));
	}

	public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {
		return "$sql OFFSET $offset ROWS FETCH NEXT $limit ROWS ONLY";
	}

	public function likeEscape($string) {
		return str_replace(array('%','_'),array('[%]','[_]'),$string);
	}

	public function isBinaryType($field) {
		return ($field->type>=-4 && $field->type<=-2);
	}

	public function base64Encode($string) {
		return base64_encode($string);
	}

	public function getDefaultCharset() {
		return 'UTF-8';
	}
}

class PHP_CRUD_API {

	protected $db;
	protected $settings;

	protected function mapMethodToAction($method,$key) {
		switch ($method) {
			case 'OPTIONS': return 'headers';
			case 'GET': return $key?'read':'list';
			case 'PUT': return 'update';
			case 'POST': return 'create';
			case 'DELETE': return 'delete';
			default: $this->exitWith404('method');
		}
		return false;
	}

	protected function parseRequestParameter(&$request,$characters) {
		if (!$request) return false;
		$pos = strpos($request,'/');
		$value = $pos?substr($request,0,$pos):$request;
		$request = $pos?substr($request,$pos+1):'';
		if (!$characters) return $value;
		return preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value);
	}

	protected function parseGetParameter($get,$name,$characters) {
		$value = isset($get[$name])?$get[$name]:false;
		return $characters?preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value):$value;
	}

	protected function parseGetParameterArray($get,$name,$characters) {
		$values = isset($get[$name])?$get[$name]:false;
		if (!is_array($values)) $values = array($values);
		if ($characters) {
			foreach ($values as &$value) {
				$value = preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value);
			}
		}
		return $values;
	}

	protected function applyTableAuthorizer($callback,$action,$database,&$tables) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {
			if (!$callback($action,$database,$table)) {
				unset($tables[$i]);
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyRecordFilter($callback,$action,$database,$tables,&$filters) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {
			$f = $this->convertFilters($callback($action,$database,$table));
			if ($f) {
				if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
				if (!isset($filters[$table]['and'])) $filters[$table]['and'] = array();
				$filters[$table]['and'] = array_merge($filters[$table]['and'],$f);
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyTenancyFunction($callback,$action,$database,$fields,&$filters) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($fields as $table=>$keys) {
			foreach ($keys as $field) {
				$v = $callback($action,$database,$table,$field->name);
				if ($v!==null) {
					if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
					if (!isset($filters[$table]['and'])) $filters[$table]['and'] = array();
					$filters[$table]['and'][] = array($field->name,is_array($v)?'IN':'=',$v);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyColumnAuthorizer($callback,$action,$database,&$fields) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($fields as $table=>$keys) {
			foreach ($keys as $field) {
				if (!$callback($action,$database,$table,$field->name)) {
					unset($fields[$table][$field->name]);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyInputTenancy($callback,$action,$database,$table,&$input,$keys) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {
			if (isset($keys[$key])) {
				$v = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key);
				if ($v!==null) {
					if (is_array($v)) {
						if (in_array($input->$key,$v)) {
							$v = $input->$key;
						} else {
							$v = null;
						}
					}
					$input->$key = $v;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyInputSanitizer($callback,$action,$database,$table,&$input,$keys) {
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {
			if (isset($keys[$key])) {
				$input->$key = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key,$keys[$key]->type,$value);
			}
		}
	}

	protected function applyInputValidator($callback,$action,$database,$table,$input,$keys,$context) {
		$errors = array();
		if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {
			if (isset($keys[$key])) {
				$error = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key,$keys[$key]->type,$value,$context);
				if ($error!==true && $error!==null) $errors[$key] = $error;
			}
		}
		if (!empty($errors)) $this->exitWith422($errors);
	}

	protected function processTableAndIncludeParameters($database,$table,$include,$action) {
		$blacklist = array('information_schema','mysql','sys','pg_catalog');
		if (in_array(strtolower($database), $blacklist)) return array();
		$table_list = array();
		if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_table'),array($table,$database))) {
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) $table_list[] = $row[0];
			$this->db->close($result);
		}
		if (empty($table_list)) $this->exitWith404('entity');
		if ($action=='list') {
			foreach (explode(',',$include) as $table) {
				if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_table'),array($table,$database))) {
					while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) $table_list[] = $row[0];
					$this->db->close($result);
				}
			}
		}
		return $table_list;
	}

	protected function exitWith404($type) {
		if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
			header('Content-Type:',true,404);
			die("Not found ($type)");
		} else {
			throw new \Exception("Not found ($type)");
		}
	}

	protected function exitWith422($object) {
		if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
			header('Content-Type:',true,422);
			die(json_encode($object));
		} else {
			throw new \Exception(json_encode($object));
		}
	}

	protected function headersCommand($parameters) {
		$headers = array();
		$headers[]='Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type';
		$headers[]='Access-Control-Allow-Methods: OPTIONS, GET, PUT, POST, DELETE';
		$headers[]='Access-Control-Max-Age: 1728000';
		if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
			foreach ($headers as $header) header($header);
		} else {
			echo json_encode($headers);
		}
	}

	protected function startOutput($callback) {
		if ($callback) {
			if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
				header('Content-Type: application/javascript');
			}
			echo $callback.'(';
		} else {
			if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
				header('Content-Type: application/json');
			}
		}
	}

	protected function endOutput($callback) {
		if ($callback) {
			echo ');';
		}
	}

	protected function processKeyParameter($key,$tables,$database) {
		if (!$key) return false;
		$count = 0;
		$field = false;
		if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_pk'),array($tables[0],$database))) {
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				$count++;
				$field = $row[0];
			}
			$this->db->close($result);
		}
		if ($count!=1 || $field==false) $this->exitWith404('1pk');
		return array($key,$field);
	}

	protected function processOrderParameter($order) {
		if (!$order) return false;
		$order = explode(',',$order,2);
		if (count($order)<2) $order[1]='ASC';
		if (!strlen($order[0])) return false;
		$order[1] = strtoupper($order[1])=='DESC'?'DESC':'ASC';
		return $order;
	}

	protected function convertFilter($field, $comparator, $value) {
		switch (strtolower($comparator)) {
			case 'cs': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = '%'.$this->db->likeEscape($value).'%'; break;
			case 'sw': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = $this->db->likeEscape($value).'%'; break;
			case 'ew': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = '%'.$this->db->likeEscape($value); break;
			case 'eq': $comparator = '='; break;
			case 'ne': $comparator = '<>'; break;
			case 'lt': $comparator = '<'; break;
			case 'le': $comparator = '<='; break;
			case 'ge': $comparator = '>='; break;
			case 'gt': $comparator = '>'; break;
			case 'in': $comparator = 'IN'; $value = explode(',',$value); break;
			case 'ni': $comparator = 'NOT IN'; $value = explode(',',$value); break;
			case 'is': $comparator = 'IS'; $value = null; break;
			case 'no': $comparator = 'IS NOT'; $value = null; break;
		}
		return array($field, $comparator, $value);
	}

	protected function convertFilters($filters) {
		$result = array();
		if ($filters) {
			for ($i=0;$i<count($filters);$i++) {
				$filter = explode(',',$filters[$i],3);
				if (count($filter)==3) {
					$result[] = $this->convertFilter($filter[0],$filter[1],$filter[2]);
				}
			}
		}
		return $result;
	}

	protected function processFiltersParameter($tables,$satisfy,$filters) {
		$result = $this->convertFilters($filters);
		if (!$result) return array();
		$and = ($satisfy && strtolower($satisfy)=='any')?'or':'and';
		return array($tables[0]=>array($and=>$result));
	}

	protected function processPageParameter($page) {
		if (!$page) return false;
		$page = explode(',',$page,2);
		if (count($page)<2) $page[1]=20;
		$page[0] = ($page[0]-1)*$page[1];
		return $page;
	}

	protected function retrieveObject($key,$fields,$filters,$tables) {
		if (!$key) return false;
		$table = $tables[0];
		$sql = 'SELECT ';
		$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';
		$sql .= ' FROM "!"';
		$params = array($table);
		if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
		if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();
		$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);
		$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
		$object = null;
		if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {
			$object = $this->db->fetchAssoc($result);
			foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {
				if ($this->db->isBinaryType($field) && $object[$field->name]) {
					$object[$field->name] = $this->db->base64Encode($object[$field->name]);
				}
			}
			$this->db->close($result);
		}
		return $object;
	}

	protected function createObject($input,$tables) {
		if (!$input) return false;
		$input = (array)$input;
		$keys = implode('","',str_split(str_repeat('!', count($input))));
		$values = implode(',',str_split(str_repeat('?', count($input))));
		$params = array_merge(array_keys($input),array_values($input));
		array_unshift($params, $tables[0]);
		$result = $this->db->query('INSERT INTO "!" ("'.$keys.'") VALUES ('.$values.')',$params);
		if (!$result) return null;
		return $this->db->insertId($result);
	}

	protected function updateObject($key,$input,$filters,$tables) {
		if (!$input) return false;
		$input = (array)$input;
		$table = $tables[0];
		$sql = 'UPDATE "!" SET ';
		$params = array($table);
		foreach (array_keys($input) as $i=>$k) {
			if ($i) $sql .= ',';
			$v = $input[$k];
			$sql .= '"!"=?';
			$params[] = $k;
			$params[] = $v;
		}
		if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
		if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();
		$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);
		$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
		$result = $this->db->query($sql,$params);
		if (!$result) return null;
		return $this->db->affectedRows($result);
	}

	protected function deleteObject($key,$filters,$tables) {
		$table = $tables[0];
		$sql = 'DELETE FROM "!"';
		$params = array($table);
		if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
		if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();
		$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);
		$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
		$result = $this->db->query($sql,$params);
		if (!$result) return null;
		return $this->db->affectedRows($result);
	}

	protected function findRelations($tables,$database) {
		$tableset = array();
		$collect = array();
		$select = array();

		while (count($tables)>1) {
			$table0 = array_shift($tables);
			$tableset[] = $table0;

			$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_belongs_to'),array($table0,$tables,$database,

$database));
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				$collect[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array();
				$select[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array($row[0],$row[1]);
				if (!in_array($row[0],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[0];
			}
			$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_has_many'),array($tables,$table0,$database,$database));
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				$collect[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array();
				$select[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array($row[2],$row[3]);
				if (!in_array($row[2],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[2];
			}
			$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_habtm'),array($database,$database,$database,$database,

$table0,$tables));
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				$collect[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array();
				$select[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array($row[2],$row[3]);
				$collect[$row[4]][$row[5]]=array();
				$select[$row[6]][$row[7]]=array($row[4],$row[5]);
				if (!in_array($row[2],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[2];
				if (!in_array($row[4],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[4];
			}
		}
		$tableset[] = array_shift($tables);
		return array($tableset,$collect,$select);
	}

	protected function retrieveInput($post) {
		$input = (object)array();
		$data = trim(file_get_contents($post));
		if (strlen($data)>0) {
			if ($data[0]=='{') {
				$input = json_decode($data);
			} else {
				parse_str($data, $input);
				foreach ($input as $key => $value) {
					if (substr($key,-9)=='__is_null') {
						$input[substr($key,0,-9)] = null;
						unset($input[$key]);
					}
				}
				$input = (object)$input;
			}
		}
		return $input;
	}

	protected function findFields($tables,$columns,$database) {
		$fields = array();
		foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {
			$fields[$table] = $this->findTableFields($table,$database);
			if ($i==0) $fields[$table] = $this->filterFieldsByColumns($fields[$table],$columns);
		}
		return $fields;
	}

	protected function filterFieldsByColumns($fields,$columns) {
		if ($columns) {
			$columns = explode(',',$columns);
			foreach (array_keys($fields) as $key) {
				if (!in_array($key, $columns)) {
					unset($fields[$key]);
				}
			}
		}
		return $fields;
	}

	protected function findTableFields($table,$database) {
		$fields = array();
		$result = $this->db->query('SELECT * FROM "!" WHERE 1=2;',array($table));
		foreach ($this->db->fetchFields($result) as $field) {
			$fields[$field->name] = $field;
		}
		return $fields;
	}

	protected function filterInputByFields($input,$fields) {
		if ($fields) foreach (array_keys((array)$input) as $key) {
			if (!isset($fields[$key])) {
				unset($input->$key);
			}
		}
		return $input;
	}

	protected function convertBinary(&$input,$keys) {
		foreach ($keys as $key=>$field) {
			if (isset($input->$key) && $input->$key && $this->db->isBinaryType($field)) {
				$data = $input->$key;
				$data = str_pad(strtr($data, '-_', '+/'), strlen($data) % 4, '=', STR_PAD_RIGHT);
				$input->$key = (object)array('type'=>'base64','data'=>$data);
			}
		}
	}

	protected function getParameters($settings) {
		extract($settings);

		$table     = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');
		$key       = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_'); // auto-increment or uuid
		$action    = $this->mapMethodToAction($method,$key);
		$include   = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'include', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');
		$callback  = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'callback', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');
		$page      = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'page', '0-9,');
		$filters   = $this->parseGetParameterArray($get, 'filter', false);
		$satisfy   = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'satisfy', 'a-zA-Z');
		$columns   = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'columns', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');
		$order     = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'order', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');
		$transform = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'transform', 't1');

		$tables    = $this->processTableAndIncludeParameters($database,$table,$include,$action);
		$key       = $this->processKeyParameter($key,$tables,$database);
		$filters   = $this->processFiltersParameter($tables,$satisfy,$filters);
		$page      = $this->processPageParameter($page);
		$order     = $this->processOrderParameter($order);

		// reflection
		list($tables,$collect,$select) = $this->findRelations($tables,$database);
		$fields = $this->findFields($tables,$columns,$database);

		// permissions
		if ($table_authorizer) $this->applyTableAuthorizer($table_authorizer,$action,$database,$tables);
		if (!isset($tables[0])) $this->exitWith404('entity');
		if ($record_filter) $this->applyRecordFilter($record_filter,$action,$database,$tables,$filters);
		if ($column_authorizer) $this->applyColumnAuthorizer($column_authorizer,$action,$database,$fields);
		if ($tenancy_function) $this->applyTenancyFunction($tenancy_function,$action,$database,$fields,$filters);

		if ($post) {
			// input
			$context = $this->retrieveInput($post);
			$input = $this->filterInputByFields($context,$fields[$tables[0]]);

			if ($tenancy_function) $this->applyInputTenancy($tenancy_function,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]]);
			if ($input_sanitizer) $this->applyInputSanitizer($input_sanitizer,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]]);
			if ($input_validator) $this->applyInputValidator($input_validator,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]],$context);

			$this->convertBinary($input,$fields[$tables[0]]);
		}

		return compact

('action','database','tables','key','callback','page','filters','fields','order','transform','input','collect','select');
	}

	protected function addWhereFromFilters($filters,&$sql,&$params) {
		$first = true;
		if (isset($filters['or'])) {
			$first = false;
			$sql .= ' WHERE (';
			foreach ($filters['or'] as $i=>$filter) {
				$sql .= $i==0?'':' OR ';
				$sql .= '"!" ! ?';
				$params[] = $filter[0];
				$params[] = $filter[1];
				$params[] = $filter[2];
			}
			$sql .= ')';
		}
		if (isset($filters['and'])) {
			foreach ($filters['and'] as $i=>$filter) {
				$sql .= $first?' WHERE ':' AND ';
				$sql .= '"!" ! ?';
				$params[] = $filter[0];
				$params[] = $filter[1];
				$params[] = $filter[2];
				$first = false;
			}
		}
	}

	protected function listCommandInternal($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		echo '{';
		$table = array_shift($tables);
		// first table
		$count = false;
		echo '"'.$table.'":{';
		if (is_array($order) && is_array($page)) {
			$params = array();
			$sql = 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "!"';
			$params[] = $table;
			if (isset($filters[$table])) {
					$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
			}
			if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {
				while ($pages = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
					$count = $pages[0];
				}
			}
		}
		$params = array();
		$sql = 'SELECT ';
		$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';
		$sql .= ' FROM "!"';
		$params[] = $table;
		if (isset($filters[$table])) {
				$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
		}
		if (is_array($order)) {
			$sql .= ' ORDER BY "!" !';
			$params[] = $order[0];
			$params[] = $order[1];
		}
		if (is_array($order) && is_array($page)) {
			$sql = $this->db->addLimitToSql($sql,$page[1],$page[0]);
		}
		if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {
			echo '"columns":';
			$keys = array();
			$base64 = array();
			foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {
				$base64[] = $this->db->isBinaryType($field);
				$keys[] = $field->name;
			}
			echo json_encode($keys);
			$keys = array_flip($keys);
			echo ',"records":[';
			$first_row = true;
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				if ($first_row) $first_row = false;
				else echo ',';
				if (isset($collect[$table])) {
					foreach (array_keys($collect[$table]) as $field) {
						$collect[$table][$field][] = $row[$keys[$field]];
					}
				}
				foreach ($base64 as $k=>$v) {
					if ($v && $row[$k]) {
						$row[$k] = $this->db->base64Encode($row[$k]);
					}
				}
				echo json_encode($row);
			}
			$this->db->close($result);
			echo ']';
			if ($count) echo ',';
		}
		if ($count) echo '"results":'.$count;
		echo '}';
		// other tables
		foreach ($tables as $t=>$table) {
			echo ',';
			echo '"'.$table.'":{';
			$params = array();
			$sql = 'SELECT ';
			$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';
			$sql .= ' FROM "!"';
			$params[] = $table;
			if (isset($select[$table])) {
				echo '"relations":{';
				$first_row = true;
				foreach ($select[$table] as $field => $path) {
					$values = $collect[$path[0]][$path[1]];
					if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();
					if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();
					$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($field,'IN',$values);
					if ($first_row) $first_row = false;
					else echo ',';
					echo '"'.$field.'":"'.implode('.',$path).'"';
				}
				echo '}';
				$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);
			}
			if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {
				if (isset($select[$table])) echo ',';
				echo '"columns":';
				$keys = array();
				$base64 = array();
				foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {
					$base64[] = $this->db->isBinaryType($field);
					$keys[] = $field->name;
				}
				echo json_encode($keys);
				$keys = array_flip($keys);
				echo ',"records":[';
				$first_row = true;
				while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
					if ($first_row) $first_row = false;
					else echo ',';
					if (isset($collect[$table])) {
						foreach (array_keys($collect[$table]) as $field) {
							$collect[$table][$field][]=$row[$keys[$field]];
						}
					}
					foreach ($base64 as $k=>$v) {
						if ($v && $row[$k]) {
							$row[$k] = $this->db->base64Encode($row[$k]);
						}
					}
					echo json_encode($row);
				}
				$this->db->close($result);
				echo ']';
			}
			echo '}';
		}
		echo '}';
	}

	protected function readCommand($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		$object = $this->retrieveObject($key,$fields,$filters,$tables);
		if (!$object) $this->exitWith404('object');
		$this->startOutput($callback);
		echo json_encode($object);
		$this->endOutput($callback);
	}

	protected function createCommand($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		if (!$input) $this->exitWith404('input');
		$this->startOutput($callback);
		echo json_encode($this->createObject($input,$tables));
		$this->endOutput($callback);
	}

	protected function updateCommand($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		if (!$input) $this->exitWith404('subject');
		$this->startOutput($callback);
		echo json_encode($this->updateObject($key,$input,$filters,$tables));
		$this->endOutput($callback);
	}

	protected function deleteCommand($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		$this->startOutput($callback);
		echo json_encode($this->deleteObject($key,$filters,$tables));
		$this->endOutput($callback);
	}

	protected function listCommand($parameters) {
		extract($parameters);
		$this->startOutput($callback);
		if ($transform) {
			ob_start();
		}
		$this->listCommandInternal($parameters);
		if ($transform) {
			$content = ob_get_contents();
			ob_end_clean();
			$data = json_decode($content,true);
			echo json_encode(self::php_crud_api_transform($data));
		}
		$this->endOutput($callback);
	}

	public function __construct($config) {
		extract($config);

		// initialize
		$dbengine = isset($dbengine)?$dbengine:null;
		$hostname = isset($hostname)?$hostname:null;
		$username = isset($username)?$username:null;
		$password = isset($password)?$password:null;
		$database = isset($database)?$database:null;
		$port = isset($port)?$port:null;
		$socket = isset($socket)?$socket:null;
		$charset = isset($charset)?$charset:null;

		$table_authorizer = isset($table_authorizer)?$table_authorizer:null;
		$record_filter = isset($record_filter)?$record_filter:null;
		$column_authorizer = isset($column_authorizer)?$column_authorizer:null;
		$tenancy_function = isset($tenancy_function)?$tenancy_function:null;
		$input_sanitizer = isset($input_sanitizer)?$input_sanitizer:null;
		$input_validator = isset($input_validator)?$input_validator:null;

		$db = isset($db)?$db:null;
		$method = isset($method)?$method:null;
		$request = isset($request)?$request:null;
		$get = isset($get)?$get:null;
		$post = isset($post)?$post:null;

		// defaults
		if (!$dbengine) {
			$dbengine = 'MySQL';
		}
		if (!$method) {
			$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
		}
		if (!$request) {
			$request = isset($_SERVER['PATH_INFO'])?$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']:'';
		}
		if (!$get) {
			$get = $_GET;
		}
		if (!$post) {
			$post = 'php://input';
		}

		// connect
		$request = trim($request,'/');
		if (!$database) {
			$database  = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');
		}
		if (!$db) {
			$db = new $dbengine();
			if (!$charset) {
				$charset = $db->getDefaultCharset();
			}
			$db->connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset);
		}

		$this->db = $db;
		$this->settings = compact('method', 'request', 'get', 'post', 'database', 'table_authorizer', 'record_filter', 

'column_authorizer', 'tenancy_function', 'input_sanitizer', 'input_validator');
	}

	public static function php_crud_api_transform(&$tables) {
		$get_objects = function (&$tables,$table_name,$where_index=false,$match_value=false) use (&$get_objects) {
			$objects = array();
			foreach ($tables[$table_name]['records'] as $record) {
				if ($where_index===false || $record[$where_index]==$match_value) {
					$object = array();
					foreach ($tables[$table_name]['columns'] as $index=>$column) {
						$object[$column] = $record[$index];
						foreach ($tables as $relation=>$reltable) {
							if (isset($reltable['relations'])) {
								foreach ($reltable['relations'] as $key=>$target) {
									if ($target == "$table_name.$column") {
										$column_indices = array_flip($reltable['columns']);
										$object[$relation] = $get_objects($tables,$relation,

$column_indices[$key],$record[$index]);
									}
								}
							}
						}
					}
					$objects[] = $object;
				}
			}
			return $objects;
		};
		$tree = array();
		foreach ($tables as $name=>$table) {
			if (!isset($table['relations'])) {
				$tree[$name] = $get_objects($tables,$name);
				if (isset($table['results'])) {
					$tree['_results'] = $table['results'];
				}
			}
		}
		return $tree;
	}

	protected function swagger($settings) {
		extract($settings);

		$tables = array();
		if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('list_tables'),array($database))) {
			while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {
				$table = array(
					'name'=>$row[0],
					'comments'=>$row[1],
					'root_actions'=>array(
						array('name'=>'list','method'=>'get'),
						array('name'=>'create','method'=>'post'),
					),
					'id_actions'=>array(
						array('name'=>'read','method'=>'get'),
						array('name'=>'update','method'=>'put'),
						array('name'=>'delete','method'=>'delete'),
					),
				);
				$tables[] = $table;
			}
			$this->db->close($result);
		}

		foreach ($tables as $t=>$table)	{
			foreach (array('root_actions','id_actions') as $path) {
				foreach ($table[$path] as $i=>$action) {
					$table_list = array($table['name']);
					$fields = $this->findFields($table_list,false,$database);
					if ($table_authorizer) $this->applyTableAuthorizer($table_authorizer,$action['name'],

$database,$table_list);
					if ($column_authorizer) $this->applyColumnAuthorizer($column_authorizer,$action['name'],

$database,$fields);
					if (!$table_list || !$fields[$table['name']]) $tables[$t][$path][$i] = false;
					else $tables[$t][$path][$i]['fields'] = $fields[$table['name']];
				}
				// remove unauthorized tables and tables without fields
				$tables[$t][$path] = array_values(array_filter($tables[$t][$path]));
			}
			if (!$table['root_actions']&&!$table['id_actions']) $tables[$t] = false;
		}
		$tables = array_values(array_filter($tables));
		//var_dump($tables);die();

		echo '{"swagger":"2.0",';
		echo '"info":{';
		echo '"title":"'.$database.'",';
		echo '"description":"API generated with [PHP_CRUD_API](https://github.com/mevdschee/php-crud-api)",';
		echo '"version":"1.0.0"';
		echo '},';
		echo '"host":"'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].'",';
		echo '"basePath":"'.$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'].'",';
		echo '"schemes":["http'.((!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS'])&&$_SERVER['HTTPS']!=='off')?'s':'').'"],';
		echo '"consumes":["application/json"],';
		echo '"produces":["application/json"],';
		echo '"tags":[';
		foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {
			if ($i>0) echo ',';
			echo '{';
			echo '"name":"'.$table['name'].'",';
			echo '"description":"'.$table['comments'].'"';
			echo '}';
		}
		echo '],';
		echo '"paths":{';
		foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {
			if ($table['root_actions']) {
				if ($i>0) echo ',';
				echo '"/'.$table['name'].'":{';
				foreach ($table['root_actions'] as $j=>$action) {
					if ($j>0) echo ',';
					echo '"'.$action['method'].'":{';
					echo '"tags":["'.$table['name'].'"],';
					echo '"summary":"'.ucfirst($action['name']).'",';
					if ($action['name']=='list') {
						echo '"parameters":[';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"include",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"One or more related entities (comma separated).",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string"';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"order",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"Column you want to sort on and the sort direction (comma 

separated). Example: id,desc",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string"';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"page",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"Page number and page size (comma separated). NB: You cannot use 

\"page\" without \"order\"! Example: 1,10",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string"';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"transform",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"Transform the records to object format. NB: This can also be done 

client-side in JavaScript!",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"boolean"';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"columns",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"The columns you want to retrieve (comma separated).",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string"';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"filter[]",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"Filters to be applied. Each filter consists of a column, an 

operator and a value (comma separated). Example: id,eq,1",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"array",';
						echo '"collectionFormat":"multi",';
						echo '"items":{"type":"string"}';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"satisfy",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"Should all filters match (default)? Or any?",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string",';
						echo '"enum":["any"]';
						echo '},';
						echo '{';
						echo '"name":"callback",';
						echo '"in":"query",';
						echo '"description":"JSONP callback function name",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"type":"string"';
						echo '}';
						echo '],';
						echo '"responses":{';
						echo '"200":{';
						echo '"description":"An array of '.$table['name'].'",';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type":"array",';
						echo '"items":{';
						echo '"type": "object",';
						echo '"properties": {';
						foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {
							if ($k>0) echo ',';
							echo '"'.$field.'": {';
							echo '"type": "string"';
							echo '}';
						}
						echo '}'; //properties
						echo '}'; //items
						echo '}'; //schema
						echo '}'; //200
						echo '}'; //responses
					}
					if ($action['name']=='create') {
						echo '"parameters":[{';
						echo '"name":"item",';
						echo '"in":"body",';
						echo '"description":"Item to create.",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type": "object",';
						echo '"properties": {';
						foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {
							if ($k>0) echo ',';
							echo '"'.$field.'": {';
							echo '"type": "string"';
							echo '}';
						}
						echo '}'; //properties
						echo '}'; //schema
						echo '}],';
						echo '"responses":{';
						echo '"200":{';
						echo '"description":"Identifier of created item.",';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type":"integer"';
						echo '}';//schema
						echo '}';//200
						echo '}';//responses
					}
					echo '}';//method
				}
				echo '}';
			}
			if ($table['id_actions']) {
				if ($i>0 || $table['root_actions']) echo ',';
				echo '"/'.$table['name'].'/{id}":{';
				foreach ($table['id_actions'] as $j=>$action) {
					if ($j>0) echo ',';
					echo '"'.$action['method'].'":{';
					echo '"tags":["'.$table['name'].'"],';
					echo '"summary":"'.ucfirst($action['name']).'",';
					echo '"parameters":[';
					echo '{';
					echo '"name":"id",';
					echo '"in":"path",';
					echo '"description":"Identifier for item.",';
					echo '"required":true,';
					echo '"type":"string"';
					echo '}';
					if ($action['name']=='update') {
						echo ',{';
						echo '"name":"item",';
						echo '"in":"body",';
						echo '"description":"Properties of item to update.",';
						echo '"required":false,';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type": "object",';
						echo '"properties": {';
						foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {
							if ($k>0) echo ',';
							echo '"'.$field.'": {';
							echo '"type": "string"';
							echo '}';
						}
						echo '}'; //properties
						echo '}'; //schema
						echo '}';
					}
					echo '],';
					if ($action['name']=='read') {
						echo '"responses":{';
						echo '"200":{';
						echo '"description":"The requested item.",';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type": "object",';
						echo '"properties": {';
						foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {
							if ($k>0) echo ',';
							echo '"'.$field.'": {';
							echo '"type": "string"';
							echo '}';
						}
						echo '}'; //properties
						echo '}'; //schema
						echo '}';
						echo '}';
					} else {
						echo '"responses":{';
						echo '"200":{';
						echo '"description":"Number of affected rows.",';
						echo '"schema":{';
						echo '"type":"integer"';
						echo '}';
						echo '}';
						echo '}';
					}
					echo '}';
				}
				echo '}';
			}
		}
		echo '}';
			echo '}';
	}

	public function executeCommand() {
		if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
			header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *');
		}
		if (!$this->settings['request']) {
			$this->swagger($this->settings);
		} else {
			$parameters = $this->getParameters($this->settings);
			switch($parameters['action']){
				case 'list': $this->listCommand($parameters); break;
				case 'read': $this->readCommand($parameters); break;
				case 'create': $this->createCommand($parameters); break;
				case 'update': $this->updateCommand($parameters); break;
				case 'delete': $this->deleteCommand($parameters); break;
				case 'headers': $this->headersCommand($parameters); break;
			}
		}
	}

}

// uncomment the lines below when running in stand-alone mode:

 $api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(
 	'dbengine'=>'MySQL',
 	'hostname'=>'localhost',
	'username'=>'database username',
	'password'=>'password',
	'database'=>'database name',
 	'charset'=>'utf8'
 ));
 $api->executeCommand();

// For Microsoft SQL Server 2012 use:

// $api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(
// 	'dbengine'=>'SQLServer',
// 	'hostname'=>'(local)',
// 	'username'=>'',
// 	'password'=>'',
// 	'database'=>'xxx',
// 	'charset'=>'UTF-8'
// ));
// $api->executeCommand();

// For PostgreSQL 9 use:

// $api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(
// 	'dbengine'=>'PostgreSQL',
// 	'hostname'=>'localhost',
// 	'username'=>'xxx',
// 	'password'=>'xxx',
// 	'database'=>'xxx',
// 	'charset'=>'UTF8'
// ));
// $api->executeCommand();

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<?php

// Use this api.php file

//var_dump($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'],$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']); die();

interface DatabaseInterface {

public function getSql($name);

public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset);

public function query($sql,$params);

public function fetchAssoc($result);

public function fetchRow($result);

public function insertId($result);

public function affectedRows($result);

public function close($result);

public function fetchFields($result);

public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset);

public function likeEscape($string);

public function isBinaryType($field);

public function base64Encode($string);

public function getDefaultCharset();

}

class MySQL implements DatabaseInterface {

protected $db;

protected $queries;

public function __construct() {

$this->queries = array(

'list_tables'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME","TABLE_COMMENT"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"

WHERE

"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',

'reflect_table'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"

WHERE

"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND

"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',

'reflect_pk'=>'SELECT

"COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."COLUMNS"

WHERE

"COLUMN_KEY" = \'PRI\' AND

"TABLE_NAME" = ? AND

"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',

'reflect_belongs_to'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME","COLUMN_NAME",

"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME","REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE"

WHERE

"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND

"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ? AND

"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

"REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',

'reflect_has_many'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME","COLUMN_NAME",

"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME","REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE"

WHERE

"TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ? AND

"REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND

"TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

"REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ?',

'reflect_habtm'=>'SELECT

k1."TABLE_NAME", k1."COLUMN_NAME",

k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME", k1."REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME",

k2."TABLE_NAME", k2."COLUMN_NAME",

k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME", k2."REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" k1,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" k2

WHERE

k1."TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

k2."TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA" = ? AND

k1."TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = k2."TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' AND

k1."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' = ? AND

k2."REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME" COLLATE \'utf8_bin\' IN ?'

);

}

public function getSql($name) {

return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;

}

public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {

$db = mysqli_connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket);

if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {

throw new \Exception('Connect failed. '.mysqli_connect_error());

}

if (!mysqli_set_charset($db,$charset)) {

throw new \Exception('Error setting charset. '.mysqli_error($db));

}

if (!mysqli_query($db,'SET SESSION sql_mode = \'ANSI_QUOTES\';')) {

throw new \Exception('Error setting ANSI quotes. '.mysqli_error($db));

}

$this->db = $db;

}

public function query($sql,$params) {

$db = $this->db;

$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params) {

$param = array_shift($params);

if ($matches[0]=='!') return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);

if (is_array($param)) return '('.implode(',',array_map(function($v) use (&$db) {

return "'".mysqli_real_escape_string($db,$v)."'";

},$param)).')';

if (is_object($param) && $param->type=='base64') {

return "x'".bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data))."'";

}

if ($param===null) return 'NULL';

return "'".mysqli_real_escape_string($db,$param)."'";

}, $sql);

//if (!strpos($sql,'INFORMATION_SCHEMA')) echo "\n$sql\n";

return mysqli_query($db,$sql);

}

public function fetchAssoc($result) {

return mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);

}

public function fetchRow($result) {

return mysqli_fetch_row($result);

}

public function insertId($result) {

return mysqli_insert_id($this->db);

}

public function affectedRows($result) {

return mysqli_affected_rows($this->db);

}

public function close($result) {

return mysqli_free_result($result);

}

public function fetchFields($result) {

return mysqli_fetch_fields($result);

}

public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {

return "$sql LIMIT $limit OFFSET $offset";

}

public function likeEscape($string) {

return addcslashes($string,'%_');

}

public function isBinaryType($field) {

//echo "$field->name: $field->type ($field->flags)\n";

return (($field->flags & 128) && ($field->type>=249) && ($field->type<=252));

}

public function base64Encode($string) {

return base64_encode($string);

}

public function getDefaultCharset() {

return 'utf8';

}

class PostgreSQL implements DatabaseInterface {

protected $db;

protected $queries;

public function __construct() {

$this->queries = array(

'list_tables'=>'select

"table_name","table_comment"

from

"information_schema"."tables"

where

"table_catalog" = ?',

'reflect_table'=>'select

"table_name"

from

"information_schema"."tables"

where

"table_name" like ? and

"table_catalog" = ?',

'reflect_pk'=>'select

"column_name"

from

"information_schema"."table_constraints" tc,

"information_schema"."key_column_usage" ku

where

tc."constraint_type" = \'PRIMARY KEY\' and

tc."constraint_name" = ku."constraint_name" and

ku."table_name" = ? and

ku."table_catalog" = ?',

'reflect_belongs_to'=>'select

cu1."table_name",cu1."column_name",

cu2."table_name",cu2."column_name"

from

"information_schema".referential_constraints rc,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cu1,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cu2

where

cu1."constraint_name" = rc."constraint_name" and

cu2."constraint_name" = rc."unique_constraint_name" and

cu1."table_name" = ? and

cu2."table_name" in ? and

cu1."table_catalog" = ? and

cu2."table_catalog" = ?',

'reflect_has_many'=>'select

cu1."table_name",cu1."column_name",

cu2."table_name",cu2."column_name"

from

"information_schema".referential_constraints rc,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cu1,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cu2

where

cu1."constraint_name" = rc."constraint_name" and

cu2."constraint_name" = rc."unique_constraint_name" and

cu1."table_name" in ? and

cu2."table_name" = ? and

cu1."table_catalog" = ? and

cu2."table_catalog" = ?',

'reflect_habtm'=>'select

cua1."table_name",cua1."column_name",

cua2."table_name",cua2."column_name",

cub1."table_name",cub1."column_name",

cub2."table_name",cub2."column_name"

from

"information_schema".referential_constraints rca,

"information_schema".referential_constraints rcb,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cua1,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cua2,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cub1,

"information_schema".key_column_usage cub2

where

cua1."constraint_name" = rca."constraint_name" and

cua2."constraint_name" = rca."unique_constraint_name" and

cub1."constraint_name" = rcb."constraint_name" and

cub2."constraint_name" = rcb."unique_constraint_name" and

cua1."table_catalog" = ? and

cub1."table_catalog" = ? and

cua2."table_catalog" = ? and

cub2."table_catalog" = ? and

cua1."table_name" = cub1."table_name" and

cua2."table_name" = ? and

cub2."table_name" in ?'

);

}

public function getSql($name) {

return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;

}

public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {

$e = function ($v) { return str_replace(array('\'','\\'),array('\\\'','\\\\'),$v); };

$conn_string = '';

if ($hostname || $socket) {

if ($socket) $hostname = $e($socket);

else $hostname = $e($hostname);

$conn_string.= " host='$hostname'";

}

if ($port) {

$port = ($port+0);

$conn_string.= " port='$port'";

}

if ($database) {

$database = $e($database);

$conn_string.= " dbname='$database'";

}

if ($username) {

$username = $e($username);

$conn_string.= " user='$username'";

}

if ($password) {

$password = $e($password);

$conn_string.= " password='$password'";

}

if ($charset) {

$charset = $e($charset);

$conn_string.= " options='--client_encoding=$charset'";

}

$db = pg_connect($conn_string);

$this->db = $db;

}

public function query($sql,$params) {

$db = $this->db;

$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params) {

$param = array_shift($params);

if ($matches[0]=='!') return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);

if (is_array($param)) return '('.implode(',',array_map(function($v) use (&$db) {

return "'".pg_escape_string($db,$v)."'";

},$param)).')';

if (is_object($param) && $param->type=='base64') {

return "'\x".bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data))."'";

}

if ($param===null) return 'NULL';

return "'".pg_escape_string($db,$param)."'";

}, $sql);

if (strtoupper(substr($sql,0,6))=='INSERT') {

$sql .= ' RETURNING id;';

}

//echo "\n$sql\n";

return @pg_query($db,$sql);

}

public function fetchAssoc($result) {

return pg_fetch_assoc($result);

}

public function fetchRow($result) {

return pg_fetch_row($result);

}

public function insertId($result) {

list($id) = pg_fetch_row($result);

return (int)$id;

}

public function affectedRows($result) {

return pg_affected_rows($result);

}

public function close($result) {

return pg_free_result($result);

}

public function fetchFields($result) {

$keys = array();

for($i=0;$i<pg_num_fields($result);$i++) {

$field = array();

$field['name'] = pg_field_name($result,$i);

$field['type'] = pg_field_type($result,$i);

$keys[$i] = (object)$field;

}

return $keys;

}

public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {

return "$sql LIMIT $limit OFFSET $offset";

}

public function likeEscape($string) {

return addcslashes($string,'%_');

}

public function isBinaryType($field) {

return $field->type == 'bytea';

}

public function base64Encode($string) {

return base64_encode(hex2bin(substr($string,2)));

}

public function getDefaultCharset() {

return 'UTF8';

}

class SQLServer implements DatabaseInterface {

protected $db;

protected $queries;

public function __construct() {

$this->queries = array(

'list_tables'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME","TABLE_COMMENT"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"

WHERE

"TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',

'reflect_table'=>'SELECT

"TABLE_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLES"

WHERE

"TABLE_NAME" LIKE ? AND

"TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',

'reflect_pk'=>'SELECT

"COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."TABLE_CONSTRAINTS" tc,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA"."KEY_COLUMN_USAGE" ku

WHERE

tc."CONSTRAINT_TYPE" = \'PRIMARY KEY\' AND

tc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = ku."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

ku."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND

ku."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',

'reflect_belongs_to'=>'SELECT

cu1."TABLE_NAME",cu1."COLUMN_NAME",

cu2."TABLE_NAME",cu2."COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu1,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu2

WHERE

cu1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cu2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cu1."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND

cu2."TABLE_NAME" IN ? AND

cu1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cu2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',

'reflect_has_many'=>'SELECT

cu1."TABLE_NAME",cu1."COLUMN_NAME",

cu2."TABLE_NAME",cu2."COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu1,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu2

WHERE

cu1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cu2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rc."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cu1."TABLE_NAME" IN ? AND

cu2."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND

cu1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cu2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ?',

'reflect_habtm'=>'SELECT

cua1."TABLE_NAME",cua1."COLUMN_NAME",

cua2."TABLE_NAME",cua2."COLUMN_NAME",

cub1."TABLE_NAME",cub1."COLUMN_NAME",

cub2."TABLE_NAME",cub2."COLUMN_NAME"

FROM

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rca,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rcb,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cua1,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cua2,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cub1,

"INFORMATION_SCHEMA".CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cub2

WHERE

cua1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rca."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cua2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rca."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cub1."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rcb."CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cub2."CONSTRAINT_NAME" = rcb."UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME" AND

cua1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cub1."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cua2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cub2."TABLE_CATALOG" = ? AND

cua1."TABLE_NAME" = cub1."TABLE_NAME" AND

cua2."TABLE_NAME" = ? AND

cub2."TABLE_NAME" IN ?'

);

}

public function getSql($name) {

return isset($this->queries[$name])?$this->queries[$name]:false;

}

public function connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset) {

$connectionInfo = array();

if ($port) $hostname.=','.$port;

if ($username) $connectionInfo['UID']=$username;

if ($password) $connectionInfo['PWD']=$password;

if ($database) $connectionInfo['Database']=$database;

if ($charset) $connectionInfo['CharacterSet']=$charset;

$connectionInfo['QuotedId']=1;

$connectionInfo['ReturnDatesAsStrings']=1;

$db = sqlsrv_connect($hostname, $connectionInfo);

if (!$db) {

throw new \Exception('Connect failed. '.print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));

}

if ($socket) {

throw new \Exception('Socket connection is not supported.');

}

$this->db = $db;

}

public function query($sql,$params) {

$args = array();

$db = $this->db;

$sql = preg_replace_callback('/\!|\?/', function ($matches) use (&$db,&$params,&$args) {

static $i=-1;

$i++;

$param = $params[$i];

if ($matches[0]=='!') {

return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_=<> ]/','',$param);

}

// This is workaround because SQLSRV cannot accept NULL in a param

if ($matches[0]=='?' && is_null($param)) {

return 'NULL';

}

if (is_array($param)) {

$args = array_merge($args,$param);

return '('.implode(',',str_split(str_repeat('?',count($param)))).')';

}

if (is_object($param)) {

switch($param->type) {

case 'base64':

$args[] = bin2hex(base64_decode($param->data));

return 'CONVERT(VARBINARY(MAX),?,2)';

}

$args[] = $param;

return '?';

}, $sql);

//var_dump($params);

//echo "\n$sql\n";

//var_dump($args);

//file_put_contents('sql.txt',"\n$sql\n".var_export($args,true)."\n",FILE_APPEND);

if (strtoupper(substr($sql,0,6))=='INSERT') {

$sql .= ';SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY()';

}

return sqlsrv_query($db,$sql,$args)?:null;

}

public function fetchAssoc($result) {

$values = sqlsrv_fetch_array($result, SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC);

if ($values) $values = array_map(function($v){ return is_null($v)?null:(string)$v; },$values);

return $values;

}

public function fetchRow($result) {

$values = sqlsrv_fetch_array($result, SQLSRV_FETCH_NUMERIC);

if ($values) $values = array_map(function($v){ return is_null($v)?null:(string)$v; },$values);

return $values;

}

public function insertId($result) {

sqlsrv_next_result($result);

sqlsrv_fetch($result);

return (int)sqlsrv_get_field($result, 0);

}

public function affectedRows($result) {

return sqlsrv_rows_affected($result);

}

public function close($result) {

return sqlsrv_free_stmt($result);

}

public function fetchFields($result) {

//var_dump(sqlsrv_field_metadata($result));

return array_map(function($a){

$p = array();

foreach ($a as $k=>$v) {

$p[strtolower($k)] = $v;

}

return (object)$p;

},sqlsrv_field_metadata($result));

}

public function addLimitToSql($sql,$limit,$offset) {

return "$sql OFFSET $offset ROWS FETCH NEXT $limit ROWS ONLY";

}

public function likeEscape($string) {

return str_replace(array('%','_'),array('[%]','[_]'),$string);

}

public function isBinaryType($field) {

return ($field->type>=-4 && $field->type<=-2);

}

public function base64Encode($string) {

return base64_encode($string);

}

public function getDefaultCharset() {

return 'UTF-8';

}

class PHP_CRUD_API {

protected $db;

protected $settings;

protected function mapMethodToAction($method,$key) {

switch ($method) {

case 'OPTIONS': return 'headers';

case 'GET': return $key?'read':'list';

case 'PUT': return 'update';

case 'POST': return 'create';

case 'DELETE': return 'delete';

default: $this->exitWith404('method');

}

return false;

}

protected function parseRequestParameter(&$request,$characters) {

if (!$request) return false;

$pos = strpos($request,'/');

$value = $pos?substr($request,0,$pos):$request;

$request = $pos?substr($request,$pos+1):'';

if (!$characters) return $value;

return preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value);

}

protected function parseGetParameter($get,$name,$characters) {

$value = isset($get[$name])?$get[$name]:false;

return $characters?preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value):$value;

}

protected function parseGetParameterArray($get,$name,$characters) {

$values = isset($get[$name])?$get[$name]:false;

if (!is_array($values)) $values = array($values);

if ($characters) {

foreach ($values as &$value) {

$value = preg_replace("/[^$characters]/",'',$value);

}

return $values;

}

protected function applyTableAuthorizer($callback,$action,$database,&$tables) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {

if (!$callback($action,$database,$table)) {

unset($tables[$i]);

}

protected function applyRecordFilter($callback,$action,$database,$tables,&$filters) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {

$f = $this->convertFilters($callback($action,$database,$table));

if ($f) {

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['and'])) $filters[$table]['and'] = array();

$filters[$table]['and'] = array_merge($filters[$table]['and'],$f);

}

protected function applyTenancyFunction($callback,$action,$database,$fields,&$filters) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($fields as $table=>$keys) {

foreach ($keys as $field) {

$v = $callback($action,$database,$table,$field->name);

if ($v!==null) {

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['and'])) $filters[$table]['and'] = array();

$filters[$table]['and'][] = array($field->name,is_array($v)?'IN':'=',$v);

}

protected function applyColumnAuthorizer($callback,$action,$database,&$fields) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ($fields as $table=>$keys) {

foreach ($keys as $field) {

if (!$callback($action,$database,$table,$field->name)) {

unset($fields[$table][$field->name]);

}

protected function applyInputTenancy($callback,$action,$database,$table,&$input,$keys) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {

if (isset($keys[$key])) {

$v = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key);

if ($v!==null) {

if (is_array($v)) {

if (in_array($input->$key,$v)) {

$v = $input->$key;

} else {

$v = null;

}

$input->$key = $v;

}

protected function applyInputSanitizer($callback,$action,$database,$table,&$input,$keys) {

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {

if (isset($keys[$key])) {

$input->$key = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key,$keys[$key]->type,$value);

}

protected function applyInputValidator($callback,$action,$database,$table,$input,$keys,$context) {

$errors = array();

if (is_callable($callback,true)) foreach ((array)$input as $key=>$value) {

if (isset($keys[$key])) {

$error = $callback($action,$database,$table,$key,$keys[$key]->type,$value,$context);

if ($error!==true && $error!==null) $errors[$key] = $error;

}

if (!empty($errors)) $this->exitWith422($errors);

}

protected function processTableAndIncludeParameters($database,$table,$include,$action) {

$blacklist = array('information_schema','mysql','sys','pg_catalog');

if (in_array(strtolower($database), $blacklist)) return array();

$table_list = array();

if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_table'),array($table,$database))) {

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) $table_list[] = $row[0];

$this->db->close($result);

}

if (empty($table_list)) $this->exitWith404('entity');

if ($action=='list') {

foreach (explode(',',$include) as $table) {

if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_table'),array($table,$database))) {

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) $table_list[] = $row[0];

$this->db->close($result);

}

return $table_list;

}

protected function exitWith404($type) {

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

header('Content-Type:',true,404);

die("Not found ($type)");

} else {

throw new \Exception("Not found ($type)");

}

protected function exitWith422($object) {

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

header('Content-Type:',true,422);

die(json_encode($object));

} else {

throw new \Exception(json_encode($object));

}

protected function headersCommand($parameters) {

$headers = array();

$headers[]='Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type';

$headers[]='Access-Control-Allow-Methods: OPTIONS, GET, PUT, POST, DELETE';

$headers[]='Access-Control-Max-Age: 1728000';

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

foreach ($headers as $header) header($header);

} else {

echo json_encode($headers);

}

protected function startOutput($callback) {

if ($callback) {

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

header('Content-Type: application/javascript');

}

echo $callback.'(';

} else {

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

header('Content-Type: application/json');

}

protected function endOutput($callback) {

if ($callback) {

echo ');';

}

protected function processKeyParameter($key,$tables,$database) {

if (!$key) return false;

$count = 0;

$field = false;

if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_pk'),array($tables[0],$database))) {

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$count++;

$field = $row[0];

}

$this->db->close($result);

}

if ($count!=1 || $field==false) $this->exitWith404('1pk');

return array($key,$field);

}

protected function processOrderParameter($order) {

if (!$order) return false;

$order = explode(',',$order,2);

if (count($order)<2) $order[1]='ASC';

if (!strlen($order[0])) return false;

$order[1] = strtoupper($order[1])=='DESC'?'DESC':'ASC';

return $order;

}

protected function convertFilter($field, $comparator, $value) {

switch (strtolower($comparator)) {

case 'cs': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = '%'.$this->db->likeEscape($value).'%'; break;

case 'sw': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = $this->db->likeEscape($value).'%'; break;

case 'ew': $comparator = 'LIKE'; $value = '%'.$this->db->likeEscape($value); break;

case 'eq': $comparator = '='; break;

case 'ne': $comparator = '<>'; break;

case 'lt': $comparator = '<'; break;

case 'le': $comparator = '<='; break;

case 'ge': $comparator = '>='; break;

case 'gt': $comparator = '>'; break;

case 'in': $comparator = 'IN'; $value = explode(',',$value); break;

case 'ni': $comparator = 'NOT IN'; $value = explode(',',$value); break;

case 'is': $comparator = 'IS'; $value = null; break;

case 'no': $comparator = 'IS NOT'; $value = null; break;

}

return array($field, $comparator, $value);

}

protected function convertFilters($filters) {

$result = array();

if ($filters) {

for ($i=0;$i<count($filters);$i++) {

$filter = explode(',',$filters[$i],3);

if (count($filter)==3) {

$result[] = $this->convertFilter($filter[0],$filter[1],$filter[2]);

}

return $result;

}

protected function processFiltersParameter($tables,$satisfy,$filters) {

$result = $this->convertFilters($filters);

if (!$result) return array();

$and = ($satisfy && strtolower($satisfy)=='any')?'or':'and';

return array($tables[0]=>array($and=>$result));

}

protected function processPageParameter($page) {

if (!$page) return false;

$page = explode(',',$page,2);

if (count($page)<2) $page[1]=20;

$page[0] = ($page[0]-1)*$page[1];

return $page;

}

protected function retrieveObject($key,$fields,$filters,$tables) {

if (!$key) return false;

$table = $tables[0];

$sql = 'SELECT ';

$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';

$sql .= ' FROM "!"';

$params = array($table);

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();

$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

$object = null;

if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {

$object = $this->db->fetchAssoc($result);

foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {

if ($this->db->isBinaryType($field) && $object[$field->name]) {

$object[$field->name] = $this->db->base64Encode($object[$field->name]);

}

$this->db->close($result);

}

return $object;

}

protected function createObject($input,$tables) {

if (!$input) return false;

$input = (array)$input;

$keys = implode('","',str_split(str_repeat('!', count($input))));

$values = implode(',',str_split(str_repeat('?', count($input))));

$params = array_merge(array_keys($input),array_values($input));

array_unshift($params, $tables[0]);

$result = $this->db->query('INSERT INTO "!" ("'.$keys.'") VALUES ('.$values.')',$params);

if (!$result) return null;

return $this->db->insertId($result);

}

protected function updateObject($key,$input,$filters,$tables) {

if (!$input) return false;

$input = (array)$input;

$table = $tables[0];

$sql = 'UPDATE "!" SET ';

$params = array($table);

foreach (array_keys($input) as $i=>$k) {

if ($i) $sql .= ',';

$v = $input[$k];

$sql .= '"!"=?';

$params[] = $k;

$params[] = $v;

}

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();

$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

$result = $this->db->query($sql,$params);

if (!$result) return null;

return $this->db->affectedRows($result);

}

protected function deleteObject($key,$filters,$tables) {

$table = $tables[0];

$sql = 'DELETE FROM "!"';

$params = array($table);

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();

$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($key[1],'=',$key[0]);

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

$result = $this->db->query($sql,$params);

if (!$result) return null;

return $this->db->affectedRows($result);

}

protected function findRelations($tables,$database) {

$tableset = array();

$collect = array();

$select = array();

while (count($tables)>1) {

$table0 = array_shift($tables);

$tableset[] = $table0;

$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_belongs_to'),array($table0,$tables,$database,

$database));

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$collect[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array();

$select[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array($row[0],$row[1]);

if (!in_array($row[0],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[0];

}

$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_has_many'),array($tables,$table0,$database,$database));

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$collect[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array();

$select[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array($row[2],$row[3]);

if (!in_array($row[2],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[2];

}

$result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('reflect_habtm'),array($database,$database,$database,$database,

$table0,$tables));

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$collect[$row[2]][$row[3]]=array();

$select[$row[0]][$row[1]]=array($row[2],$row[3]);

$collect[$row[4]][$row[5]]=array();

$select[$row[6]][$row[7]]=array($row[4],$row[5]);

if (!in_array($row[2],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[2];

if (!in_array($row[4],$tableset)) $tableset[] = $row[4];

}

$tableset[] = array_shift($tables);

return array($tableset,$collect,$select);

}

protected function retrieveInput($post) {

$input = (object)array();

$data = trim(file_get_contents($post));

if (strlen($data)>0) {

if ($data[0]=='{') {

$input = json_decode($data);

} else {

parse_str($data, $input);

foreach ($input as $key => $value) {

if (substr($key,-9)=='__is_null') {

$input[substr($key,0,-9)] = null;

unset($input[$key]);

}

$input = (object)$input;

}

return $input;

}

protected function findFields($tables,$columns,$database) {

$fields = array();

foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {

$fields[$table] = $this->findTableFields($table,$database);

if ($i==0) $fields[$table] = $this->filterFieldsByColumns($fields[$table],$columns);

}

return $fields;

}

protected function filterFieldsByColumns($fields,$columns) {

if ($columns) {

$columns = explode(',',$columns);

foreach (array_keys($fields) as $key) {

if (!in_array($key, $columns)) {

unset($fields[$key]);

}

return $fields;

}

protected function findTableFields($table,$database) {

$fields = array();

$result = $this->db->query('SELECT * FROM "!" WHERE 1=2;',array($table));

foreach ($this->db->fetchFields($result) as $field) {

$fields[$field->name] = $field;

}

return $fields;

}

protected function filterInputByFields($input,$fields) {

if ($fields) foreach (array_keys((array)$input) as $key) {

if (!isset($fields[$key])) {

unset($input->$key);

}

return $input;

}

protected function convertBinary(&$input,$keys) {

foreach ($keys as $key=>$field) {

if (isset($input->$key) && $input->$key && $this->db->isBinaryType($field)) {

$data = $input->$key;

$data = str_pad(strtr($data, '-_', '+/'), strlen($data) % 4, '=', STR_PAD_RIGHT);

$input->$key = (object)array('type'=>'base64','data'=>$data);

}

protected function getParameters($settings) {

extract($settings);

$table = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');

$key = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_'); // auto-increment or uuid

$action = $this->mapMethodToAction($method,$key);

$include = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'include', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');

$callback = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'callback', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');

$page = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'page', '0-9,');

$filters = $this->parseGetParameterArray($get, 'filter', false);

$satisfy = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'satisfy', 'a-zA-Z');

$columns = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'columns', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');

$order = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'order', 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_,');

$transform = $this->parseGetParameter($get, 'transform', 't1');

$tables = $this->processTableAndIncludeParameters($database,$table,$include,$action);

$key = $this->processKeyParameter($key,$tables,$database);

$filters = $this->processFiltersParameter($tables,$satisfy,$filters);

$page = $this->processPageParameter($page);

$order = $this->processOrderParameter($order);

// reflection

list($tables,$collect,$select) = $this->findRelations($tables,$database);

$fields = $this->findFields($tables,$columns,$database);

// permissions

if ($table_authorizer) $this->applyTableAuthorizer($table_authorizer,$action,$database,$tables);

if (!isset($tables[0])) $this->exitWith404('entity');

if ($record_filter) $this->applyRecordFilter($record_filter,$action,$database,$tables,$filters);

if ($column_authorizer) $this->applyColumnAuthorizer($column_authorizer,$action,$database,$fields);

if ($tenancy_function) $this->applyTenancyFunction($tenancy_function,$action,$database,$fields,$filters);

if ($post) {

// input

$context = $this->retrieveInput($post);

$input = $this->filterInputByFields($context,$fields[$tables[0]]);

if ($tenancy_function) $this->applyInputTenancy($tenancy_function,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]]);

if ($input_sanitizer) $this->applyInputSanitizer($input_sanitizer,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]]);

if ($input_validator) $this->applyInputValidator($input_validator,$action,$database,$tables[0],$input,$fields

[$tables[0]],$context);

$this->convertBinary($input,$fields[$tables[0]]);

}

return compact

('action','database','tables','key','callback','page','filters','fields','order','transform','input','collect','select');

}

protected function addWhereFromFilters($filters,&$sql,&$params) {

$first = true;

if (isset($filters['or'])) {

$first = false;

$sql .= ' WHERE (';

foreach ($filters['or'] as $i=>$filter) {

$sql .= $i==0?'':' OR ';

$sql .= '"!" ! ?';

$params[] = $filter[0];

$params[] = $filter[1];

$params[] = $filter[2];

}

$sql .= ')';

}

if (isset($filters['and'])) {

foreach ($filters['and'] as $i=>$filter) {

$sql .= $first?' WHERE ':' AND ';

$sql .= '"!" ! ?';

$params[] = $filter[0];

$params[] = $filter[1];

$params[] = $filter[2];

$first = false;

}

protected function listCommandInternal($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

echo '{';

$table = array_shift($tables);

// first table

$count = false;

echo '"'.$table.'":{';

if (is_array($order) && is_array($page)) {

$params = array();

$sql = 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "!"';

$params[] = $table;

if (isset($filters[$table])) {

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

}

if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {

while ($pages = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$count = $pages[0];

}

$params = array();

$sql = 'SELECT ';

$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';

$sql .= ' FROM "!"';

$params[] = $table;

if (isset($filters[$table])) {

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

}

if (is_array($order)) {

$sql .= ' ORDER BY "!" !';

$params[] = $order[0];

$params[] = $order[1];

}

if (is_array($order) && is_array($page)) {

$sql = $this->db->addLimitToSql($sql,$page[1],$page[0]);

}

if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {

echo '"columns":';

$keys = array();

$base64 = array();

foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {

$base64[] = $this->db->isBinaryType($field);

$keys[] = $field->name;

}

echo json_encode($keys);

$keys = array_flip($keys);

echo ',"records":[';

$first_row = true;

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

if ($first_row) $first_row = false;

else echo ',';

if (isset($collect[$table])) {

foreach (array_keys($collect[$table]) as $field) {

$collect[$table][$field][] = $row[$keys[$field]];

}

foreach ($base64 as $k=>$v) {

if ($v && $row[$k]) {

$row[$k] = $this->db->base64Encode($row[$k]);

}

echo json_encode($row);

}

$this->db->close($result);

echo ']';

if ($count) echo ',';

}

if ($count) echo '"results":'.$count;

echo '}';

// other tables

foreach ($tables as $t=>$table) {

echo ',';

echo '"'.$table.'":{';

$params = array();

$sql = 'SELECT ';

$sql .= '"'.implode('","',array_keys($fields[$table])).'"';

$sql .= ' FROM "!"';

$params[] = $table;

if (isset($select[$table])) {

echo '"relations":{';

$first_row = true;

foreach ($select[$table] as $field => $path) {

$values = $collect[$path[0]][$path[1]];

if (!isset($filters[$table])) $filters[$table] = array();

if (!isset($filters[$table]['or'])) $filters[$table]['or'] = array();

$filters[$table]['or'][] = array($field,'IN',$values);

if ($first_row) $first_row = false;

else echo ',';

echo '"'.$field.'":"'.implode('.',$path).'"';

}

echo '}';

$this->addWhereFromFilters($filters[$table],$sql,$params);

}

if ($result = $this->db->query($sql,$params)) {

if (isset($select[$table])) echo ',';

echo '"columns":';

$keys = array();

$base64 = array();

foreach ($fields[$table] as $field) {

$base64[] = $this->db->isBinaryType($field);

$keys[] = $field->name;

}

echo json_encode($keys);

$keys = array_flip($keys);

echo ',"records":[';

$first_row = true;

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

if ($first_row) $first_row = false;

else echo ',';

if (isset($collect[$table])) {

foreach (array_keys($collect[$table]) as $field) {

$collect[$table][$field][]=$row[$keys[$field]];

}

foreach ($base64 as $k=>$v) {

if ($v && $row[$k]) {

$row[$k] = $this->db->base64Encode($row[$k]);

}

echo json_encode($row);

}

$this->db->close($result);

echo ']';

}

echo '}';

}

echo '}';

}

protected function readCommand($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

$object = $this->retrieveObject($key,$fields,$filters,$tables);

if (!$object) $this->exitWith404('object');

$this->startOutput($callback);

echo json_encode($object);

$this->endOutput($callback);

}

protected function createCommand($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

if (!$input) $this->exitWith404('input');

$this->startOutput($callback);

echo json_encode($this->createObject($input,$tables));

$this->endOutput($callback);

}

protected function updateCommand($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

if (!$input) $this->exitWith404('subject');

$this->startOutput($callback);

echo json_encode($this->updateObject($key,$input,$filters,$tables));

$this->endOutput($callback);

}

protected function deleteCommand($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

$this->startOutput($callback);

echo json_encode($this->deleteObject($key,$filters,$tables));

$this->endOutput($callback);

}

protected function listCommand($parameters) {

extract($parameters);

$this->startOutput($callback);

if ($transform) {

ob_start();

}

$this->listCommandInternal($parameters);

if ($transform) {

$content = ob_get_contents();

ob_end_clean();

$data = json_decode($content,true);

echo json_encode(self::php_crud_api_transform($data));

}

$this->endOutput($callback);

}

public function __construct($config) {

extract($config);

// initialize

$dbengine = isset($dbengine)?$dbengine:null;

$hostname = isset($hostname)?$hostname:null;

$username = isset($username)?$username:null;

$password = isset($password)?$password:null;

$database = isset($database)?$database:null;

$port = isset($port)?$port:null;

$socket = isset($socket)?$socket:null;

$charset = isset($charset)?$charset:null;

$table_authorizer = isset($table_authorizer)?$table_authorizer:null;

$record_filter = isset($record_filter)?$record_filter:null;

$column_authorizer = isset($column_authorizer)?$column_authorizer:null;

$tenancy_function = isset($tenancy_function)?$tenancy_function:null;

$input_sanitizer = isset($input_sanitizer)?$input_sanitizer:null;

$input_validator = isset($input_validator)?$input_validator:null;

$db = isset($db)?$db:null;

$method = isset($method)?$method:null;

$request = isset($request)?$request:null;

$get = isset($get)?$get:null;

$post = isset($post)?$post:null;

// defaults

if (!$dbengine) {

$dbengine = 'MySQL';

}

if (!$method) {

$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];

}

if (!$request) {

$request = isset($_SERVER['PATH_INFO'])?$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']:'';

}

if (!$get) {

$get = $_GET;

}

if (!$post) {

$post = 'php://input';

}

// connect

$request = trim($request,'/');

if (!$database) {

$database = $this->parseRequestParameter($request, 'a-zA-Z0-9\-_');

}

if (!$db) {

$db = new $dbengine();

if (!$charset) {

$charset = $db->getDefaultCharset();

}

$db->connect($hostname,$username,$password,$database,$port,$socket,$charset);

}

$this->db = $db;

$this->settings = compact('method', 'request', 'get', 'post', 'database', 'table_authorizer', 'record_filter',

'column_authorizer', 'tenancy_function', 'input_sanitizer', 'input_validator');

}

public static function php_crud_api_transform(&$tables) {

$get_objects = function (&$tables,$table_name,$where_index=false,$match_value=false) use (&$get_objects) {

$objects = array();

foreach ($tables[$table_name]['records'] as $record) {

if ($where_index===false || $record[$where_index]==$match_value) {

$object = array();

foreach ($tables[$table_name]['columns'] as $index=>$column) {

$object[$column] = $record[$index];

foreach ($tables as $relation=>$reltable) {

if (isset($reltable['relations'])) {

foreach ($reltable['relations'] as $key=>$target) {

if ($target == "$table_name.$column") {

$column_indices = array_flip($reltable['columns']);

$object[$relation] = $get_objects($tables,$relation,

$column_indices[$key],$record[$index]);

}

$objects[] = $object;

}

return $objects;

};

$tree = array();

foreach ($tables as $name=>$table) {

if (!isset($table['relations'])) {

$tree[$name] = $get_objects($tables,$name);

if (isset($table['results'])) {

$tree['_results'] = $table['results'];

}

return $tree;

}

protected function swagger($settings) {

extract($settings);

$tables = array();

if ($result = $this->db->query($this->db->getSql('list_tables'),array($database))) {

while ($row = $this->db->fetchRow($result)) {

$table = array(

'name'=>$row[0],

'comments'=>$row[1],

'root_actions'=>array(

array('name'=>'list','method'=>'get'),

array('name'=>'create','method'=>'post'),

'id_actions'=>array(

array('name'=>'read','method'=>'get'),

array('name'=>'update','method'=>'put'),

array('name'=>'delete','method'=>'delete'),

);

$tables[] = $table;

}

$this->db->close($result);

}

foreach ($tables as $t=>$table) {

foreach (array('root_actions','id_actions') as $path) {

foreach ($table[$path] as $i=>$action) {

$table_list = array($table['name']);

$fields = $this->findFields($table_list,false,$database);

if ($table_authorizer) $this->applyTableAuthorizer($table_authorizer,$action['name'],

$database,$table_list);

if ($column_authorizer) $this->applyColumnAuthorizer($column_authorizer,$action['name'],

$database,$fields);

if (!$table_list || !$fields[$table['name']]) $tables[$t][$path][$i] = false;

else $tables[$t][$path][$i]['fields'] = $fields[$table['name']];

}

// remove unauthorized tables and tables without fields

$tables[$t][$path] = array_values(array_filter($tables[$t][$path]));

}

if (!$table['root_actions']&&!$table['id_actions']) $tables[$t] = false;

}

$tables = array_values(array_filter($tables));

//var_dump($tables);die();

echo '{"swagger":"2.0",';

echo '"info":{';

echo '"title":"'.$database.'",';

echo '"description":"API generated with [PHP_CRUD_API](https://github.com/mevdschee/php-crud-api)",';

echo '"version":"1.0.0"';

echo '},';

echo '"host":"'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].'",';

echo '"basePath":"'.$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'].'",';

echo '"schemes":["http'.((!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS'])&&$_SERVER['HTTPS']!=='off')?'s':'').'"],';

echo '"consumes":["application/json"],';

echo '"produces":["application/json"],';

echo '"tags":[';

foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {

if ($i>0) echo ',';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"'.$table['name'].'",';

echo '"description":"'.$table['comments'].'"';

echo '}';

}

echo '],';

echo '"paths":{';

foreach ($tables as $i=>$table) {

if ($table['root_actions']) {

if ($i>0) echo ',';

echo '"/'.$table['name'].'":{';

foreach ($table['root_actions'] as $j=>$action) {

if ($j>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$action['method'].'":{';

echo '"tags":["'.$table['name'].'"],';

echo '"summary":"'.ucfirst($action['name']).'",';

if ($action['name']=='list') {

echo '"parameters":[';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"include",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"One or more related entities (comma separated).",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"order",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"Column you want to sort on and the sort direction (comma

separated). Example: id,desc",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"page",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"Page number and page size (comma separated). NB: You cannot use

\"page\" without \"order\"! Example: 1,10",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"transform",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"Transform the records to object format. NB: This can also be done

client-side in JavaScript!",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"boolean"';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"columns",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"The columns you want to retrieve (comma separated).",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"filter[]",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"Filters to be applied. Each filter consists of a column, an

operator and a value (comma separated). Example: id,eq,1",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"array",';

echo '"collectionFormat":"multi",';

echo '"items":{"type":"string"}';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"satisfy",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"Should all filters match (default)? Or any?",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string",';

echo '"enum":["any"]';

echo '},';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"callback",';

echo '"in":"query",';

echo '"description":"JSONP callback function name",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '}';

echo '],';

echo '"responses":{';

echo '"200":{';

echo '"description":"An array of '.$table['name'].'",';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type":"array",';

echo '"items":{';

echo '"type": "object",';

echo '"properties": {';

foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {

if ($k>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$field.'": {';

echo '"type": "string"';

echo '}';

}

echo '}'; //properties

echo '}'; //items

echo '}'; //schema

echo '}'; //200

echo '}'; //responses

}

if ($action['name']=='create') {

echo '"parameters":[{';

echo '"name":"item",';

echo '"in":"body",';

echo '"description":"Item to create.",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type": "object",';

echo '"properties": {';

foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {

if ($k>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$field.'": {';

echo '"type": "string"';

echo '}';

}

echo '}'; //properties

echo '}'; //schema

echo '}],';

echo '"responses":{';

echo '"200":{';

echo '"description":"Identifier of created item.",';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type":"integer"';

echo '}';//schema

echo '}';//200

echo '}';//responses

}

echo '}';//method

}

echo '}';

}

if ($table['id_actions']) {

if ($i>0 || $table['root_actions']) echo ',';

echo '"/'.$table['name'].'/{id}":{';

foreach ($table['id_actions'] as $j=>$action) {

if ($j>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$action['method'].'":{';

echo '"tags":["'.$table['name'].'"],';

echo '"summary":"'.ucfirst($action['name']).'",';

echo '"parameters":[';

echo '{';

echo '"name":"id",';

echo '"in":"path",';

echo '"description":"Identifier for item.",';

echo '"required":true,';

echo '"type":"string"';

echo '}';

if ($action['name']=='update') {

echo ',{';

echo '"name":"item",';

echo '"in":"body",';

echo '"description":"Properties of item to update.",';

echo '"required":false,';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type": "object",';

echo '"properties": {';

foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {

if ($k>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$field.'": {';

echo '"type": "string"';

echo '}';

}

echo '}'; //properties

echo '}'; //schema

echo '}';

}

echo '],';

if ($action['name']=='read') {

echo '"responses":{';

echo '"200":{';

echo '"description":"The requested item.",';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type": "object",';

echo '"properties": {';

foreach (array_keys($action['fields']) as $k=>$field) {

if ($k>0) echo ',';

echo '"'.$field.'": {';

echo '"type": "string"';

echo '}';

}

echo '}'; //properties

echo '}'; //schema

echo '}';

} else {

echo '"responses":{';

echo '"200":{';

echo '"description":"Number of affected rows.",';

echo '"schema":{';

echo '"type":"integer"';

echo '}';

}

echo '}';

}

echo '}';

}

echo '}';

}

public function executeCommand() {

if (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {

header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *');

}

if (!$this->settings['request']) {

$this->swagger($this->settings);

} else {

$parameters = $this->getParameters($this->settings);

switch($parameters['action']){

case 'list': $this->listCommand($parameters); break;

case 'read': $this->readCommand($parameters); break;

case 'create': $this->createCommand($parameters); break;

case 'update': $this->updateCommand($parameters); break;

case 'delete': $this->deleteCommand($parameters); break;

case 'headers': $this->headersCommand($parameters); break;

}

// uncomment the lines below when running in stand-alone mode:

$api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(

'dbengine'=>'MySQL',

'hostname'=>'localhost',

'username'=>'database username',

'password'=>'password',

'database'=>'database name',

'charset'=>'utf8'

));

$api->executeCommand();

// For Microsoft SQL Server 2012 use:

// $api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(

// 'dbengine'=>'SQLServer',

// 'hostname'=>'(local)',

// 'username'=>'',

// 'password'=>'',

// 'database'=>'xxx',

// 'charset'=>'UTF-8'

// ));

// $api->executeCommand();

// For PostgreSQL 9 use:

// $api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(

// 'dbengine'=>'PostgreSQL',

// 'hostname'=>'localhost',

// 'username'=>'xxx',

// 'password'=>'xxx',

// 'database'=>'xxx',

// 'charset'=>'UTF8'

// ));

// $api->executeCommand();

Step 3: Now configure the api.php file with your database information. Update below information in that file.

$api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(
 	'dbengine'=>'MySQL',
 	'hostname'=>'localhost',
	'username'=>'database username',
	'password'=>'password',
	'database'=>'database name',
 	'charset'=>'utf8'
 ));
 $api->executeCommand();

$api = new PHP_CRUD_API(array(

'dbengine'=>'MySQL',

'hostname'=>'localhost',

'username'=>'database username',

'password'=>'password',

'database'=>'database name',

'charset'=>'utf8'

));

$api->executeCommand();

Step 4: After configure the file, you can use benefit through this URL: http://www.example.com/api.php

Step 5: Now you can use crup rest api to get user database table data via GET method.

GET http://localhost/api.php/users

Use below php curl example to GET the users info:

<?php


$headers = array( 
"Content-type: application/json" 
);

$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com/api.php/users'); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET"); // Use any method here like PUT, POST and DELETE
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
$result = curl_exec($ch); //execute post
curl_close($ch);

$result1 = json_decode($result);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($result);

<?php

$headers = array(

"Content-type: application/json"

);

$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com/api.php/users');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET"); // Use any method here like PUT, POST and DELETE

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

$result = curl_exec($ch); //execute post

curl_close($ch);

$result1 = json_decode($result);

echo "<pre>";

print_r($result);

This api call give you result in json format.

Step 6: Similarly you can use POST method to Add new user in table. PUT method to update the table, for update call you need to pass json object data as parameter. Let me show you an example for it.

$headers = array( 
"Content-type: application/json", 
//"Authorization: Basic " . base64_encode($credentials) 
);

$data_array = array('username'=>'jagdeep');
$body=json_encode($data_array);
$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com/api.php/users/103'); //use user id here to update perticular row
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT"); 
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $body); // pass json object data here
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
$result = curl_exec($ch); //execute post
curl_close($ch);

$headers = array(

"Content-type: application/json",

//"Authorization: Basic " . base64_encode($credentials)

);

$data_array = array('username'=>'jagdeep');

$body=json_encode($data_array);

$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com/api.php/users/103'); //use user id here to update perticular row

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $body); // pass json object data here

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

$result = curl_exec($ch); //execute post

curl_close($ch);

Step 7: To delete a record from user table use DELETE http://www.example.com/api.php/users/103

Step 8: To find the relation between two database table use this method

GET http://www.example.com/api.php/users?include=comments&filter=userId,eq,103

Create an another table with the name of comments and find the relation between them on the basis of userId column.

Their is also way to use crud rest api for Microsoft SQL Server and PostgreSQl 9. Just uncomment the SQL server info at the end of api.php file and configure your database details. Than use this api to manipulate the data.

2 thoughts on “Create PHP CRUD Rest API with Mysql”

dev
November 28, 2016 at 11:25 am

Sir, your tutorial is very helpfull , but i am confused about getting data from multiple tables, with more than where conditions

1. Harish
  November 28, 2016 at 3:58 pm
  
  Hi, i did not try this with multiple tables data. I think you can make multiple api calls for them and merge the table api data. Get each table data via single api call.

Create PHP CRUD Rest API with Mysql

How to Create CRUP REST API in PHP:

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